Interior walls & cracks
The specialist looks at stair-step, horizontal, and vertical cracks. Stair-step cracks follow the mortar in a block wall, and horizontal cracks can mean the wall is being pushed. A thin vertical crack in poured concrete is often from shrinkage, and the specialist notes which pattern is on the wall.
Basement walls
Basement walls are checked for bowing, and the specialist notes whether the wall is block or poured concrete. Bowing is the wall pushing inward under soil and water pressure from outside. Block walls and poured walls show that movement in different crack patterns.
Floors & slope
Sloping or uneven floors can come from a settling foundation or from sagging joists. The specialist looks at the floors and at gaps that open along the trim. What gets measured on site is explained in the written findings.
Doors, windows & drywall
Sticking doors and windows can mean the frame has shifted. The specialist checks whether doors and windows latch, and whether drywall cracks fan from the corners. Gaps at the trim are noted with the other signs of movement.
Exterior: grading, gutters, downspouts, yard drainage
Outside, the specialist looks at grading, gutters, downspouts, and yard drainage. Clogged gutters, short downspouts, and a yard that slopes toward the house send water to the foundation. Downspout extensions, regrading, or a yard drain are the simple fixes local specialists explain when that is the cause.
Crawl space: joists, moisture, vapor barrier
In a crawl space, the specialist checks the joists, moisture, and whether a vapor barrier is in place. Damp air, musty odors, and sagging floor joists are signs the space is taking on water. Local specialists can encapsulate the space and add a dehumidifier when that is what the space needs.